Distributed Text Services

Improving DTS Viewer ― Multiple Citation Trees, Hierarchical Navigation, and XML Browser Display

Introduction In the previous article, the Kouigenji Monogatari Text Database DTS API was updated to the 1.0 specification, including the addition of a waka (tanka poem) Citation Tree. This article covers improvements made to the viewer application “DTS Viewer” that consumes this API. Three main improvements were made: Multiple Citation Tree support ― Correct tree parameter passing Hierarchical navigation display ― Switching from card grid to table layout Inline XML display ― Leveraging the mediaType parameter 1. Multiple Citation Tree Support Problem DTS 1.0 allows defining multiple Citation Trees per resource. Kouigenji Monogatari has two trees: “page/line” and “waka” (poems). ...

March 8, 2026 · 4 min · Nakamura

Migrating to DTS (Distributed Text Services) 1.0 ― Updating a TEI/XML Text API

Introduction In February 2026, the v1.0 of the Distributed Text Services (DTS) specification was officially released — a standard API for accessing text collections. This article documents the changes required to migrate the Kouigenji Monogatari Text Database DTS API from 1-alpha to 1.0. https://github.com/distributed-text-services/specifications/releases/tag/v1.0 What is DTS? DTS defines a standard API for accessing text collections such as TEI/XML. It consists of four endpoints: Endpoint Purpose Entry Point Returns URLs for each API endpoint Collection Inter-text navigation (listing collections and resources) Navigation Intra-text navigation (exploring citation structures) Document Retrieving text content (full or partial TEI/XML) Target Project A TypeScript/Express.js implementation of DTS for the Kouigenji Monogatari Text Database. ...

March 8, 2026 · 5 min · Nakamura

DTS Viewer Update: Pagination Support

Overview This is a note about adding pagination support to the DTS (Distributed Text Services) viewer. https://dts-viewer.vercel.app/ja/ Background When providing a large number of resources through DTS, it appears that the view property is used to present pagination information, as shown below. https://distributed-text-services.github.io/specifications/versions/unstable/#collection-endpoint { "@context": "https://distributed-text-services.github.io/specifications/context/1-alpha1.json", "dtsVersion": "1-alpha", "@id" : "lettres_de_poilus", "@type" : "Collection", "collection": "/api/dts/collection/{?id,page,nav}", "totalParents": 1, "totalChildren": 10000, "title": "Lettres de Poilus", "dublinCore": { "publisher": ["École Nationale des Chartes", "https://viaf.org/viaf/167874585"], "title": [ {"lang": "fr", "value" : "Lettres de Poilus"} ] }, "member": [ "..." ], "view": { "@id": "/api/dts/collection/?id=lettres_de_poilus&page=19", "@type": "Pagination", "first": "/api/dts/collection/?id=lettres_de_poilus&page=1", "previous": "/api/dts/collection/?id=lettres_de_poilus&page=18", "next": "/api/dts/collection/?id=lettres_de_poilus&page=20", "last": "/api/dts/collection/?id=lettres_de_poilus&page=500" } } I updated the DTS Viewer to support the view property described above. ...

June 2, 2025 · Updated: June 2, 2025 · 1 min · Nakamura

Updating the DTS (Distributed Text Services) API for the Koui Genji Monogatari Text DB

Overview This is a memo about updating the DTS (Distributed Text Services) API for the Koui Genji Monogatari Text DB. Background The DTS (Distributed Text Services) API is described at the following link. https://distributed-text-services.github.io/specifications/ The following article introduced the creation of the DTS API. However, the following was noted as a remaining issue. Please note that the DTS API developed this time may have areas that do not comply with the above guidelines. ...

May 24, 2025 · Updated: May 24, 2025 · 3 min · Nakamura

Developing a DTS (Distributed Text Services) Viewer

Overview I developed a viewer for DTS (Distributed Text Services), so this is a memo of the process. You can try it at the following URL. https://dts-viewer.vercel.app/ja/ Background The official page for DTS (Distributed Text Services) is below. https://distributed-text-services.github.io/specifications/ I also covered this in the following article. This time, I developed a viewer that partially conforms to this DTS specification. Usage The following is the top page. Enter the DTS URL in the form. Examples are provided at the bottom of the page. Technically, it uses the Entry point. ...

May 11, 2025 · Updated: May 11, 2025 · 2 min · Nakamura

Handling CORS for Express Deployed on Vercel Using vercel.json

Overview This is a memo on how to handle CORS for Express deployed on Vercel using vercel.json. Background I implemented CORS handling for the program introduced in the following article. The following was used as a reference. https://vercel.com/guides/how-to-enable-cors Method The solution is as follows. While there may be other approaches, adding headers resolved the issue. https://github.com/nakamura196/dts-typescript/commit/4c28f66b2af68950656dcb812f3e941d1b9b5feb { "version": 2, "builds": [ { "src": "src/index.ts", "use": "@vercel/node" } ], "rewrites": [ { "source": "/api/dts(.*)", "destination": "/src/index.ts" } ], "redirects": [ { "source": "/", "destination": "/api/dts", "permanent": true } ], "headers": [ { "source": "/api/(.*)", "headers": [ { "key": "Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "value": "true" }, { "key": "Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "value": "*" }, { "key": "Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "value": "GET,OPTIONS,PATCH,DELETE,POST,PUT" }, { "key": "Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "value": "X-CSRF-Token, X-Requested-With, Accept, Accept-Version, Content-Length, Content-MD5, Content-Type, Date, X-Api-Version" } ] } ] } Summary I hope this serves as a helpful reference. ...

April 24, 2025 · Updated: April 24, 2025 · 1 min · Nakamura

Application of DTS (Distributed Text Services) dts:wrapper When Building Search Systems from TEI/XML

Overview This is a note on the application of the DTS (Distributed Text Services) dts:wrapper tag when building search systems from TEI/XML. DTS (Distributed Text Services) is described as follows: Cayless, H., Clérice, T., Jonathan, R., Scott, I., & Almas, B. Distributed Text Services Specifications (Version 1-alpha) [Computer software]. https://github.com/distributed-text-services/specifications` References As an example of building DTS, the following may also be helpful. Example The following “Digital Engishiki” is used as an example. ...

March 15, 2025 · Updated: March 15, 2025 · 3 min · Nakamura

GitHub Repository for DTS API for TEI/XML Files Published in the Koui Genji Monogatari Text DB

Overview I published the GitHub repository for the API introduced in the following article. The repository is below. https://github.com/nakamura196/dts-typescript There may be some incomplete aspects, but I hope this is helpful as a reference. Notes Vercel Rewrite By configuring as follows, access to / was redirected to /api/dts. { "version": 2, "builds": [ { "src": "src/index.ts", "use": "@vercel/node" } ], "rewrites": [ { "source": "/api/dts(.*)", "destination": "/src/index.ts" } ], "redirects": [ { "source": "/", "destination": "/api/dts", "permanent": true } ] } Collection ID The following is used as the collection ID. ...

September 4, 2024 · Updated: September 4, 2024 · 1 min · Nakamura

Creating a DTS API for TEI/XML Files Published by the Koui Genji Monogatari Text DB

Overview This is a memo on creating a DTS (Distributed Text Services) API for TEI/XML files published by the Koui Genji Monogatari Text DB. Background The Koui Genji Monogatari Text DB is available at: https://kouigenjimonogatari.github.io/ It publishes TEI/XML files. Developed DTS The developed DTS is available at: https://dts-typescript.vercel.app/api/dts It is built with Express.js deployed on Vercel. For more information about DTS, please refer to: https://zenn.dev/nakamura196/articles/4233fe80b3e76d MyCapytain Library The following article introduced a library for using DTS from Python: ...

September 4, 2024 · Updated: September 4, 2024 · 4 min · Nakamura

Trying Out DTS (Distributed Text Services)

Overview I had the opportunity to learn how to use DTS (Distributed Text Services), and this is a memo of that experience. API Used We will use Alpheios, which is introduced at the following page. https://github.com/distributed-text-services/specifications/?tab=readme-ov-file#known-corpora-accessible-via-the-dts-api Top https://texts.alpheios.net/api/dts We can see that collections, documents, and navigation are available. { "navigation": "/api/dts/navigation", "@id": "/api/dts", "@type": "EntryPoint", "collections": "/api/dts/collections", "@context": "dts/EntryPoint.jsonld", "documents": "/api/dts/document" } Collection Endpoint collections https://texts.alpheios.net/api/dts/collections We can see that it contains 2 sub-collections. { "totalItems": 2, "member": [ { "@id": "urn:alpheios:latinLit", "@type": "Collection", "totalItems": 3, "title": "Classical Latin" }, { "@id": "urn:alpheios:greekLit", "@type": "Collection", "totalItems": 4, "title": "Ancient Greek" } ], "title": "None", "@id": "default", "@type": "Collection", "@context": { "dts": "https://w3id.org/dts/api#", "@vocab": "https://www.w3.org/ns/hydra/core#" } } Classical Latin Specifying the id urn:alpheios:latinLit to narrow the collection to Classical Latin. ...

September 4, 2024 · Updated: September 4, 2024 · 8 min · Nakamura

The Relationship Between DTS and CTS

Overview This is a summary of the investigation into the relationship between DTS (Distributed Text Services) and CTS (Canonical Text Services protocol). The details were found at the following page. https://distributed-text-services.github.io/specifications/FAQ.html#what-is-the-relationship-between-dts-and-cts-are-they-redundant (Machine Translation) Japanese Translation What is the relationship between DTS and CTS? Are they redundant? DTS (Distributed Text Services) was developed with inspiration from and influenced by the Canonical Text Services (CTS) protocol. CTS made it possible to provide many classical and canonical texts encoded in TEI format as machine-processable Linked Open Data. However, the CTS API is closely tied to the CTS URN identifier system and does not accommodate citation systems used in modern content or other forms of writing such as papyri and inscriptions. Additionally, this API does not conform to the latest community standards for Web APIs. ...

September 4, 2024 · Updated: September 4, 2024 · 5 min · Nakamura

Trying Out the MyCapytain Library

Overview This article tries out the MyCapytain library below. https://github.com/Capitains/MyCapytain Background In the following article, I covered CTS (Canonical Text Service). The following page provides explanations of CITE, CTS, and CapiTainS. https://brillpublishers.gitlab.io/documentation-cts/DTS_Guidelines.html The following document is about CITE, a system for the identification of texts and any other object. CTS is the name for the identification system itself. CapiTainS is the name for the software suite built around it. Before we go into details, we need to ask two questions: ...

September 4, 2024 · Updated: September 4, 2024 · 6 min · Nakamura